Figure 1

Localisation microscope resolution is fundamentally limited by two issues. (a) finite localisation error means that the true object is measured with a precision-limited blur; and (b) a finite number of localisations must be smoothed (and further blurred) to visualize the continuous specimen. (c) With only a few localisations (Red, Green, Blue cases) the best visualisation requires significant smoothing which worsens resolution compared with the case of dense localisation (b).